Egypt mainly has a single-buyer electricity market, with the Egyptian Electricity Holding Company (EEHC) being the main player and owner of the transmission system and almost all of the distribution assets. Under this model, the Egyptian Electricity Transmission Company (EETC), a state-owned company (originally an EEHC subsidiary), purchases electricity from all public and private generation companies and sells it to nine main distribution companies, and other private electricity distribution companies. It also directly sells electricity to a number of consumers connected to the extra-high-voltage and high-voltage networks. EETC is also responsible for power exchanges with neighbouring countries over the present interconnections.

The New and Renewable Energy Authority (NREA), established in 1986, is the arm of the Egyptian Ministry of Electricity and Renewable Energy (MOERE) tasked with developing renewable energy programmes in Egypt on a commercial scale, as well as implementing related energy conservation programmes.