Over the past few years, Egypt became a hub for foreign investors aiming to expand their operations to Egypt or to grow their existing operations within the Egyptian market as a result of the investment guarantees and incentives offered by the State. This has led to an increasing number of merger and acquisition transactions (M&As or transactions) between companies operating in the Egyptian market as well as companies incorporated and operating outside Egypt but having impact on the Egyptian market.

Despite the flow of foreign investments and boost of the economy, such transactions may nonetheless affect the freedom of competition within the market. Hence, the Egyptian Competition Authority (ECA) had to intervene on several occasions to set forth the necessary measures to control transactions in an attempt to limit their implications on the freedom of competition in the market.